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发信人: gaoxiao (七月压力N大), 信区: Exam
标 题: 研究生英语入学考试系列谈(三)
发信站: 哈工大紫丁香 (2003年07月10日17:18:08 星期四), 站内信件
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http://www.kao100.com 2003年1月19日 中国学习在线
四、阅读理解的考试内容、考试重点、难点和复习方法:
1.考试内容主要包括:所读材料的主旨的事实和有关细节;根据上下文判断大纲附
录“词汇表”以外的某些词汇和短语的意义;既理解单句的意义,也理解上下句之间的
逻辑关系;根据所给材料进行一定的判断、推理和引申;领会作者的观点和态度。
2.考试重点:在形式上,考试注重语篇中的段落理解,在句子层次上的理解,整篇
的理解及词语的理解;从命题实质上讲,绝大部分是考句子的理解,即题干加上正确选
项等于段落中的某一句或两句的意思。另外就是考整篇的理解。
3.考试难点:
(1)联系上下文的能力。这主要是考察考生在词语、句子、段落慰次上对词义、词
的复现、词的同现、语法和语篇的理解,从而得出正确判断的能力。如:We live
a society in which the medicinal and social use
of substances (drugs) is pervasive: an aspirin to q
uiet a headache, some wine to be sociable, coffee
to get going in the morning, a cigarette for the
nerves.
Question: The word “pervasive” might mean棗
A widespread B overwhelming C piercing D fashionabl
e
本题的正确答案是A项。本句是说药物的医用性和社会性“pervasive”:阿司匹林
可以缓解头痛,饮用少量酒有助于社交,咖啡使大脑凌晨清醒,抽烟可提神等。可是41
.2%的考生选了正确项A项。这说明考生在对句子层次的理解上缺少联系上下文的能力。
Discoveries in science and technology are thought b
y “untaught minds” to come in blinding flashes or
as the result of dramatic accidents. Sir Alexander
Fleming did not, as legend would have it, look
at the mold(霉)on a piece of cheese and get the
idea for penicillin there and then. He experimented
with antibacterial substances for mine years before
he made his discovery. Inventions and innovation is
like soccer; even the best players miss the goal
and have their shots blocked much more frequently t
han they score.
Question: What does the author probably mean by
“untaught mind” in the first paragraph?
A. A person ignorant of the hard work involved
in experimentation.
B. A citizen of a society that restricts persona
l creativity.
C. A person who has had no education.
D. An individual who often come up with new i
deas by accident.
本题的正确选项是A,但大多数考生选了D项。这些考生根本没有联系上下文,就望
文生义地选了D项。但也有考生选了C项。考生选A项的只有20.8%。
(2)概括力,是指考生根据上下文对词语、句子、段落和语篇进行理解,从而对它
们进行概括的能力。如:
And even more incredible is the young brain’s a
bility to pick out an order in language from the
mixture of sound around him, to analyze, to combi
ne and recombine the parts of a language in new
ways.
Question: What is exceptionally remarkable about a
child is that .
本题的正确选项是C项。但大多数考生没有对题干里exceptionally remarkable
多加思考就选了A项和B项。如果考虑到原文中的“… and recombine th
e parts of a language in new ways”,考生就会选C项。但只
有23.8%的考生选对了此项。这说明对句子的概括力是我们的难点。
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